504 absolutely essential words. Lesson 4

vapor — գոլորշի
eliminate — վերացնել
villain — չարագործ
dense — խիտ
utilize — օգտագործել
humid — խոնավ
theory — տեսություն
descend — իջնել
circulate — շրջել
enormous — հսկայական
predict — կանխատեսել
vanish — անհետանալ

A Fan in the Air
Fog, tiny droplets of water vapor, is the villain of the airports. In an effort to eliminate dense fog from airports, weathermen utilize giant fans, nylon strings, and chemicals dropped from planes or shot upwards from strange machines on the ground. Nothing works as well, though, as a new weapon in the fight against fog: the helicopter. Researchers believe that if warm dry air above the fog could somehow be driven down into the humid blanket of fog, the droplets would evaporate, thus clearing the air. In a recent experiment to test their theory the researchers had a helicopter descend into the fog above barely visible* Smith Mountain Airport near Roanoke, Virginia. The blades of the
helicopter caused the air to circulate downwards and an enormous hole in the clouds opened above the airport. Weathermen predict that with larger, more expensive* helicopters they will be able to make the thickest fog vanish.

Exercise 1

Place one of the new words in each of the blanks below.

1. If we have one more hot, humid day, you will be able to persuade* me to move to Alaska.
2. In the show the magician waved his wand to make a lady vanish.
3. The hair on his head was so dense, a special pair of scissors was used to thin it.
4. Since he has passed all his subjects, I’ll predict that he will graduate.
5. The villain in the movie was played by an actor who was able to look mean.
6. Vapour rose out of the valve on top of the steam engine.
7. The basketball player was enormous; he could practically drop the ball through the hoop.
8. What theory can you suggest to explain the frequent changes in women’s clothing?
9. Why don’t you utilize all the space on that page?
10. Sooner or later the elevator will descend and we’ll be able to go up.
11. I heard a doctor on a television show say that if we eliminate one slice of bread each day, we’ll
    lose weight.
12. Copies of some magazines are so scarce,* the librarian won’t allow them to circulate.

Exercise 2

Circle the word that most nearly expresses the meaning of the word printed in blue type.

1. circulate the news
   (a) report (b) spread ( c )interpret (d) watch
2. eliminate a problem
   (a) perceive (b) wipe out (c) aggravate (d) create
3. an enormous ocean liner
   (a) incredible (b) extravagant (c) unforgettable (d) huge
4. den~e fog
   (a) misty (b) thick (c) invisible (d) dismal*
5. descend the stairs
   (a)slipon (b)fortify (c)comedown (d)use
6. the suspected villain
   (a) wicked person (b) schemer (c) gossip (d) dictator
7. humid climate
   (a) frigid* (b) moist (c) perilous* (d) sunny
8. predict the future
   (a) plan for (b) look forward to (c) foretell (d) accept
9. deadly vapors from the chemical explosion
   (a) forces (b) explosives (c) gases (d) sleet
10. van;sh into thin air
    (a) change (b) crumble (c) disappear (d) vacate
11. science theory
    (a) knowledge of facts (b) laboratory equipment (c) explanation based on thought
    (d) experiment
12. utilize their services
    (a) pay for (b) make use of (c) extend (d) regain

B1 vocabulary about people’s personality. exercises

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

B1 vocabulary about people’s appearance. exercises

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

B1 vocabulary about education. exercises

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

504 Absolutely essential words, lesson 3

Annual — տարեկան

typical — բնորոշ

persuade — համոզել

minimum — առնվազն

visible — տեսանելի

expensive — թանկարժեք

essential — էական

devise — հնարել

blend — խառնել

talent — տաղանդ

scarce — հազվագյուտ

wholesale — մեծածախ

1․ Annual, 2. blend, 3. minimum, 4. talent, 5. persuade, 6. visible, 7. typical, 8. devise, 9. essential, 10. wholesale, 11. scarce, 12. expensive

The most picturesque sights | Educational project

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Destination B1, Unit 3

A. 1. champion, 2. gym, 3. coach, 4. referee, 5. folk, 6. member, 7. opponent, 8. cheat, 9. risk.

B. 1. scoring, 2. beating, 3. interests, 4. have fun, 5. organize, 6. challenge, 7. train.

C. 1. board, 2. captain, 3. pleasure, 4. concert, 5. team, 6. classical.

D. 1. take up, 2. turn down, 3. join in, 4. sent off, 5. turn up, 6. carried on, 7. eat out, 8. give up.

E. 1. for, 2. on, 3. on, 4. on, 5. in, 6. for.

F. 1. song, 2. musical, 3. athletic, 4. children, 5. actor, 6. collection, 7. sail, 8. musician.

G. 1. playful, 2. athletic, 3. actions, 4. entertainment, 5. heroic, 6. children.

H. 1. of, 2. for, 3. by, 4. about, 5. in, 6. at, 7. in.

I. 1. about, 2. to, 3. with, 4. with, 5. of, 6. in.

Destination B1, Unit 2

A. 1. Sent, 2. come, 3. made, 4. knew, 5. took, 6. gave, 7. went, 8. had

B. 1. I saw it last week. 2. I received red card yesterday. 3. I went there 2 years ago. 4. I did it last night. 5. I gave it to my friend in June. 6. I broke the window a week ago.

C. 1. Was playing, 2. I was sleeping, was listening, 3. was standing, 4. was working, I was leaving, 5. Were you having, 6. was running, 7. was he going, 8. we were watching.

D. 1. went, 2. decided, 3. was having, 4. it was raining, 5. were arguing, 6. called, 7. were eating, 8. was making, 9. was dreaming, 10. was practising.

E. 1. woke up, 2. was shining, 3. were singing, 4. was, 5. went, 6. was having. 7. said, 8. continued, 9. put, 10. opened, 11. was getting, 12. rang, 13. answered, 14. was practising.

F. 1. used to, 2. Did there use to, 3. used to, 4. didn’t use to, 5. Did Rick use to, 6. didn’t use to.

The Story Of The Wise Owl

Once there was an old owl living in an oak and she was seeing every day many things that were happening around her.

One day, the owl saw a boy helping an old man to carry a heavy basket.

The other day, the owl saw how a little girl screamed at her mother. Every day the old owl saw many things, but each time kept silent about what she saw.

Over time, the owl starts to talk less and less, but this made her hear better.

Now the owl could hear what the people were saying, when were passing by the trees. One day, she heard a woman telling another person how she saw an elephant jumping over her fence.

In other day, the owl heard how a young man boast himself to someone else,that he was perfect and never mistake in his life.

With every passing day, the old owl spoke fewer and heard more. Slowly she became more and more wise and it became known as the wise owl.

Should animals be used for scientific or commercial testing?

Using animals in research and to test the safety of products has been a topic of heated debate for decades. Undoubtedly, I am against such experiments, because I feel terribly sorry for all animals, and I feel bad for all those people who resort to such a step. First, animals’ rights are violated when they are used in research. This inherent value is not respected when animals are reduced to being mere tools in a scientific experiment. Animals and people are alike in many ways; they both feel, think, behave, and experience pain. Thus, animals should be treated with the same respect as humans. Yet animals’ rights are violated when they are used in research because they are not given a choice. And all this seems so terrible to me, I really can’t believe how such a step can be taken.